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Overview



Scientific knowledge about the health effects of tobacco use has increased greatly since the first Surgeon General’s report on tobacco was released in 1964 Since the publication of that report, more than 20 million Americans have died because of smoking.

Tobacco use causes



⇒ Cancer (oropharynx, larynx, esophagus, trachea, bronchus, lung, acute myeloid leukemia, stomach, liver, pancreas, kidney and ureter, cervix, bladder, and colorectal)
⇒ Heart disease and stroke
⇒ Lung diseases (emphysema, bronchitis, chronic airway obstruction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia)
⇒ Reproductive effects (ectopic pregnancy, premature birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, reduced fertility in women, and erectile dysfunction; and birth defects, including clept-lip and/or cleft palate)
⇒ Other effects (Type 2 diabetes, age-related macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, blindness, cataracts, hip fractures, impaired immune function, periodontitis, and overall diminished health)

The harmful effects of tobacco do not end with the user. There is no risk-free level of exposure to secondhand smoke. Since 1964, 2.5 million deaths have occurred among nonsmokers who died from diseases caused by secondhand smoke exposure.4 Secondhand smoke causes heart disease, lung cancer, and stroke in adults

Why Is Preventing Tobacco Use Important?

Tobacco use is the largest preventable cause of death and disease in the United States.4 Each year, approximately 480,000 Americans die from tobacco-related illnesses. Further, more than 16 million Americans suffer from at least one disease caused by smoking.

Smoking-related illness in the United States costs more than $300 billion each year, including nearly $170 billion for direct medical care for adults and more than in lost productivity.


Vyasanmukti: A Framework for Ending the Tobacco Use Epidemic

Healthy People 2020 provides a framework for action to reduce tobacco use to the point that it is no longer a public health problem for the Nation. Research has identified effective strategies that will contribute to ending the tobacco use epidemic, including:

  • Increasing the price of tobacco products
  • Enacting comprehensive smoke-free policies
  • Expanding cessation treatment in clinical care settings and providing access to proven cessation treatment to all smokers
  • Implementing hard-hitting anti-tobacco media campaigns
  • Fully funding tobacco control programs at CDC-recommended levels
  • Controlling access to tobacco products, including e-cigarettes and combustible and non-compustible products
  • Reducing tobacco advertising and promotion directed at children